Persistent asymptomatic isolated hematuria in children: clinical and histopathological features and prognosis.

BACKGROUND: This study involving 351 children who had undergone kidney biopsy secondary to persistent asymptomatic isolated hematuria was undertaken to assess histological diagnosis of the disease and its natural history and prognosis. METHODS: The patients were divided into two groups: 215 patients with asymptomatic isolated microhematuria (AIMH; proteinuria <0.1 g/day) and 136 patients with persistent asymptomatic microhematuria, recurrent macrohematuria and/or proteinuria (AMHP; proteinuria 0.1-0.25 g/day). After kidney biopsy, the patients were monitored for 2-10 years. RESULTS: Normal biopsies or minor abnormalities were more frequent in AIMH patients than those in AMHP patients, who exhibited IgA nephropathy more frequently. During the 2- to 10-year follow-up period, adverse renal events (i.e., development of proteinuria, hypertension, or impaired renal function) were observed in 13/215 (6.0%) patients with AIMH and 31/136 (22.8%) patients with AMHP (χ(2)=15.521, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Normal biopsies or minor abnormalities were more frequently observed in AIMH patients, whereas IgA nephropathy and adverse renal events were more frequent in AMHP. Microscopic hematuria, especially when accompanied by macroscopic hematuria and proteinuria, may represent an important risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease.

[Clinical features of 121 infants below 3 months of age with congenital syphilis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical features and diagnosis of infants under 3 months of age with congenital syphilis. METHOD: Data of 121 infants below 3 months of age with congenital syphilis were collected from January 1997 to May 2007 at the authors' hospital. Their clinical features, laboratory findings and treatment were reviewed. RESULT: Clinical manifestations of congenital syphilis in the infants were diverse. The disease involved multiple systems such as the skin, respiratory, digestive, blood, and nervous system, skeleton and so on. Among the 121 infants, the manifestations included increased leukocyte count (89.3%), skin damage (59.5%), hepatomegaly (56.2%), splenomegaly (41.3%), anemia (38.8%), fever (28.9%), pathologic jaundice (24.0%), growth retardation after birth (12.4%) and bone damage (54.3%), etc. The rate of misdiagnosis was 17.4 percent, and the kinds of disease misdiagnosed were up to 10. CONCLUSION: Clinical manifestations of congenital syphilis in infants under 3 months of age were complicated and nonspecific, therefore doctors misdiagnosed it very easily. Clinicians should attach great importance to it. At the same time, the restoration of antemarital examination, vigorously carrying out screening for syphilis and strengthening the management of immigrants are necessary to prevent congenital syphilis.

[Determination of Na in anticoagulant sodium heparin by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry].

This paper report the development of the determination of Na in anticoagulant sodium heparin by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The method is convenient and the results show good precision and accuracy. The relative standard deviation (RSD) is 2.4% and the rate of recovery is 100.9%.

[Determination of trace selenium in milk cow serum with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry].

Trace metal selenium in milk cow serums has determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with matrix modifier. It's found that addition the solution of 0.1% Ni(NO3)2 as matrix modifier, the ash temperature will increase up to 1,000 degrees C. 600 degrees C is practically used for ash temperature. D2 lamp is used for background correction. Selenium in milk cow serums was directly determined after addition of 0.1% Ni(NO3)2 without digestion. The method is convenient to determine element in milk cow serum. The results show that the method has good precision and accuracy. The relative standard deviation of selenium. Determination was 4.9%, and the rates of recovery were 93.3%-104%.